Subnet masks are also expressed in dot-decimal notation like an IP address. The IPv6 address specification 2001:db8:: / 32 is a large address block with 2 96 addresses, having a 32-bit routing prefix.įor IPv4, a network may also be characterized by its subnet mask or netmask, which is the bitmask that, when applied by a bitwise AND operation to any IP address in the network, yields the routing prefix. For example, 198.51.100.0 / 24 is the prefix of the Internet Protocol version 4 network starting at the given address, having 24 bits allocated for the network prefix, and the remaining 8 bits reserved for host addressing. The routing prefix may be expressed as the first address of a network, written in Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation, followed by a slash character ( /), and ending with the bit-length of the prefix. The rest field is an identifier for a specific host or network interface. This results in the logical division of an IP address into two fields: the network number or routing prefix, and the rest field or host identifier. : 1, 16 The practice of dividing a network into two or more networks is called subnetting.Ĭomputers that belong to the same subnet are addressed with an identical group of its most-significant bits of their IP addresses. Creating a subnet by dividing the host identifierĪ subnetwork or subnet is a logical subdivision of an IP network.
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